MPP 電力管非開挖拉管施工方案:管線避讓與頂進

2025-08-18


MPP電力管非開挖拉管施工憑藉對地表干擾小、施工效率高的優勢,在城市電力管線敷設中應用廣泛。其中,管線避讓與頂進施工是保障工程安全與質量的核心環節,需通過科學規劃與精準操作實現地下管線安全穿越。

管線避讓:前期勘察與路徑優化

管線避讓的前提是全面掌握地下環境。施工前需聯合勘察單位採用“物探+鑽探”組合技術:通過地質雷達、管線探測儀等設備定位既有地下管線(如給水管、燃氣管、通信光纜)的走向、埋深及材質,結合鑽探獲取精確地質數據,形成地下管線三維分佈圖。路徑規劃需遵循“安全距離優先”原則,與既有管線保持不小於1.5倍管徑的水平淨距,垂直淨距不小於0.5米;若遇密集管線區,可採用“上跨”或“下穿”方案——當既有管線埋深較淺時,設計上擡軌跡(坡度15),反之則下沉繞行,確保交叉處淨距達標。對無法避讓的重要管線,需設置防護套管(如CPVC管)或採用人工挖孔樁隔離,避免施工擾動。

頂進施工:導向控制與動態調整

頂進環節需以“精準導向、穩定推進”爲目標。設備選型上,根據管徑(常用Φ200-Φ630mm)和地質條件(黏土、砂土、岩石)選用水平定向鑽機,配套導向儀(精度20mm/30m)實時監測鑽頭軌跡。施工前需在地面佈設導向基準線,輸入設計軌跡參數(坡度、曲率半徑),通過導向鑽頭內置的探頭將位置數據傳輸至控制檯,偏差超50mm時及時調整鑽進角度。

泥漿護壁是頂進施工的關鍵輔助措施。針對砂土、卵石地層,採用膨潤土泥漿(黏度30-50s)形成護壁膜,降低孔壁坍塌風險;黏土地層可適當降低泥漿黏度,減少阻力。頂進過程中需控制回拖力(管材屈服強度的80%),採用分級頂進模式:初始階段(前50m)低速推進(1-2m/min),待軌跡穩定後逐步提速,避免管材因受力不均產生開裂。

動態監測與應急保障

爲應對施工中的不確定性,需建立“地面+地下”雙監測體系:地面佈設沉降觀測點(間距5-10m),監測地表沉降量(預警值30mm);地下采用分佈式光纖傳感器,實時監測既有管線的位移與應力變化。若發現管線偏移超10mm或沉降過快,立即啓動應急預案:停止頂進,調整泥漿配比,必要時採用注漿加固(水泥-水玻璃雙液漿)穩定地層。

此外,施工全程需做好安全防護:設置警示區隔離施工場地,配備地下管線應急搶修設備(如封堵器、備用管材),並與管線權屬單位建立聯動機制,確保突發情況快速響應。通過以上措施,可有效實現MPP電力管非開挖拉管施工中管線的安全避讓與精準頂進,爲城市電力基礎設施建設提供可靠技術支撐。

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