Skema konstruksi gambar pipa tanpa parit pipa listrik MPP: penghindaran dan pembajakan pipa

2025-08-18


MPP pipa listrik konstruksi pipa trenchless banyak digunakan dalam peletakan pipa listrik perkotaan karena kelebihannya dari gangguan permukaan yang rendah dan efisiensi konstruksi yang tinggi. Di antara mereka, penghindaran pipa dan konstruksi dongkrak adalah tautan inti untuk memastikan keamanan dan kualitas proyek, dan perlu untuk mewujudkan penyeberangan pipa bawah tanah yang aman melalui perencanaan ilmiah dan operasi yang tepat.

Penghindaran pipa: pra-survei dan optimasi jalur

Penghindaran pipa Premis ini adalah untuk sepenuhnya memahami lingkungan bawah tanah. Sebelum konstruksi, unit survei bersama perlu mengadopsi teknologi kombinasi "eksplorasi geofisika + pengeboran": melalui radar geologi, detektor pipa dan peralatan lainnya untuk menemukan arah, ke dalaman dan bahan pipa bawah tanah yang ada (seperti pipa pasokan air, pipa gas, komunikasi kabel optik), dan menggabungkan pengeboran untuk mendapatkan data geologi yang akurat untuk membentuk peta distribusi tiga dimensi dari pipa bawah tanah. Perencanaan jalur harus mengikuti prinsip "prioritas jarak aman," dan menjaga jarak jelas horizontal tidak kurang dari 1,5 kali diameter pipa yang ada, dan jarak jelas vertikal tidak kurang dari 0,5 meter; dalam hal area pipa padat, skema "bentang atas" atau "penetrasi lebih rendah" dapat digunakan - ketika pipa yang ada terkubur di ke dalaman dangkal, lintasan angkat ke atas (kemiringan 15) dirancang, jika tidak maka tenggelam dan jalan memutar untuk memastikan bahwa jarak yang jelas di persimpangan memenuhi standar. Untuk pipa penting yang tidak dapat dihindari, selubung pelindung (seperti pipa CPVC) atau tumpukan penggali buatan digunakan untuk mengisolasinya untuk menghindari gangguan konstruksi.

Jacking Konstruksi: Kontrol Bimbingan dan Penyesuaian Dinamis

Proses jacking perlu diarahkan pada "bimbingan yang tepat dan kemajuan yang stabil." Dalam pemilihan peralatan, rig pengeboran arah horizontal dipilih sesuai dengan diameter pipa (biasa digunakan φ 200-φ 630mm) dan kondisi geologi (lempung, pasir, batu), dan instrumen pemandu (presisi 20mm / 30m) digunakan untuk memantau lintasan mata bor secara real time. Sebelum konstruksi, garis referensi pemandu perlu diletakkan di tanah, parameter lintasan desain (kemiringan, radius kelengkungan) adalah input, dan data posisi ditransmisikan ke konsol melalui probe yang dibangun ke dalam mata bor pemandu. Ketika penyimpangan melebihi 50mm, sudut pengeboran disesuaikan tepat waktu.

Perlindungan dinding lumpur adalah ukuran tambahan utama untuk konstruksi dongkrak. Untuk formasi berpasir dan kerikil, lumpur bentonit (viskositas 30-50) digunakan untuk membentuk film pelindung dinding untuk mengurangi risiko runtuhnya dinding lubang; formasi lempung dapat dengan tepat mengurangi viskositas lumpur dan mengurangi resistensi. Selama proses dongkrak, gaya seret (80% dari kekuatan luluh pipa) perlu dikontrol, dan mode dongkrak bergradasi diadopsi: tahap awal (50m pertama) adalah propulsi kecepatan rendah (1-2m / mnt), dan kecepatan meningkat secara bertahap setelah lintasan stabil untuk menghindari keretakan pipa karena gaya yang tidak merata.

Pemantauan Dinamis dan Dukungan Darurat

Untuk mengatasi ketidakpastian dalam konstruksi, sistem pemantauan ganda "tanah + bawah tanah" perlu ditetapkan: tanah dilengkapi dengan titik pengamatan pemukiman (jarak 5-10m) untuk memantau penyelesaian permukaan (nilai peringatan 30mm); bawah tanah dilengkapi dengan sensor serat optik terdistribusi untuk memantau perpindahan dan perubahan tegangan pipa yang ada secara real time. Jika ditemukan penyimpangan pipa melebihi 10mm atau penyelesaian terlalu cepat, segera mulai rencana darurat: hentikan pembajakan, sesuaikan rasio lumpur, dan gunakan penguatan grouting (bubur cairan ganda gelas semen-air) untuk menstabilkan formasi jika perlu.

Selain itu, seluruh proses konstruksi perlu melakukan perlindungan keselamatan dengan baik: menyiapkan area peringatan untuk mengisolasi lokasi konstruksi, melengkapi peralatan perbaikan darurat pipa bawah tanah (seperti plugger, pipa cadangan), dan membangun mekanisme hubungan dengan unit kepemilikan pipa untuk memastikan respons cepat terhadap keadaan darurat. Melalui langkah-langkah di atas, penghindaran yang aman dan pembajakan pipa yang tepat dalam pembangunan pipa listrik MPP tanpa parit dapat direalisasikan secara efektif, memberikan dukungan teknis yang andal untuk bangunan infrastruktur tenaga perkotaan.

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