Pipa pasokan air PVC rencana konstruksi pasokan air desa: pengujian stres dan antibeku pipa

2025-08-18


dalam proyek pasokan air desa, pipa pasokan air PVC banyak digunakan karena ketahanan korosi, biaya rendah, instalasi mudah dan keuntungan lainnya. Namun, karena kondisi geologi yang kompleks, suhu rendah di musim dingin dan faktor lainnya, konstruksi perlu fokus pada kontrol pengujian stres dan tautan antibeku pipa untuk memastikan operasi sistem pasokan air yang stabil dalam jangka panjang. Poin teknis berikut, langkah implementasi dan kontrol kualitas tiga aspek untuk dijelaskan.

Pertama, spesifikasi teknis pengujian stres

1. Persiapan sebelum pengujian

Setelah pemasangan pipa selesai, inspeksi penampilan diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa antarmuka tidak rusak dan braket kokoh. Gunakan air bersih untuk pengujian, suhu air tidak kurang dari 5 ° C, dan udara dalam pipa harus benar-benar dibuang melalui katup pembuangan. Panjang bagian pengujian tidak boleh melebihi 1km, dan area dengan perbedaan ketinggian yang besar harus diuji dalam beberapa bagian.

2. Operasi peningkatan bertingkat

- Tahap pra-pengujian: Dorongan perlahan hingga 1,5 kali tekanan kerja (dan tidak kurang dari 0.6MPa), periksa apakah antarmuka bocor setelah 30 menit pengaturan tekanan;

- Tahap pengujian utama: terus meningkatkan ke tekanan pengujian (1,5 kali tekanan kerja), penurunan tekanan setelah 1 jam pengaturan tekanan tidak boleh melebihi 0.05MPa, dan kemudian mengurangi tekanan kerja untuk pemeriksaan penampilan untuk memastikan tidak ada kebocoran.

3. Perawatan kasus khusus

Jika titik kebocoran ditemukan, drainase tekanan harus segera dikurangi, perbaikan setelah pengujian ulang. Tes musim dingin perlu mengambil tindakan pemanasan pipa untuk mencegah badan air dari pembekuan dan pipa retak.

Kedua, rencana konstruksi anti-pembekuan pipa

1. Kontrol ke dalaman peletakan

Di daerah dingin, ke dalaman pipa yang terkubur harus melebihi ketebalan tanah beku lokal lebih dari 0,3. Tentukan data lapisan permafrost melalui penyelidikan geologi, misalnya, ke dalaman terkubur di daerah Dataran Timur Laut perlu mencapai 1,8m, dan wilayah Cina Utara tidak kurang dari 1,2 m.

2. Pemilihan bahan isolasi termal

- Pipa yang dipasang di permukaan luar ruangan diisolasi oleh pipa jaket polietilen densitas tinggi (PEF), dengan ketebalan 50mm, dan antarmuka disegel dengan pita tahan air;

- Tempelkan papan insulasi termal poliuretan setebal 50mm di dinding bagian dalam sumur katup, dan letakkan bantalan kerikil di bagian bawah sumur untuk drainase.

3. Drainase dan desain antibeku

Atur katup pembuangan di titik terendah pipa, dan kosongkan pipa saat tidak digunakan atau diperbaiki di musim dingin. Untuk sumur meteran air, penutup sumur dua lapis + isolasi termal papan busa polistiren digunakan, dan perangkat pemanas listrik (daya 20W / m) dipasang di dalam.

Ketiga, titik kontrol kualitas

1 Penerimaan Bahan

Pipa PVC yang memasuki situs perlu menyediakan sertifikat pabrik, dan penyimpangan ketebalan dinding (10%), uji benturan berat jatuh (1kg palu berat 1m dampak tinggi tanpa retak pada 0 ℃) dan tes lainnya.

2. Catatan konstruksi

mencatat kurva pengujian stres, elevasi koordinat pipa, ketebalan lapisan isolasi dan data lainnya secara rinci untuk membentuk dokumen penerimaan teknik tersembunyi.

3. Dukungan darurat

Dilengkapi dengan peralatan perbaikan darurat (seperti mesin las lelehan panas, pemasangan colokan), membangun sistem inspeksi musim dingin, mengukur suhu pipa terbuka setiap hari, dan memulai tindakan pemanasan sementara ketika suhu sekitar lebih rendah dari -10 ℃.

Melalui implementasi ilmiah dari pengujian stres dan program anti-pembekuan, risiko operasi sistem pipa PVC dapat dikurangi secara efektif. Praktik rekayasa menunjukkan bahwa setelah mengadopsi teknologi di atas, tingkat kegagalan pipa di musim dingin dapat dikurangi lebih dari 80%, dan tingkat kebocoran dapat dikendalikan dalam 12%, yang secara signifikan meningkatkan kapasitas jaminan pasokan air desa dan kota.

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