HDPE mbili ukuta bati bomba manispaa mifereji ya maji mpango wa ujenzi: uchimbaji wa mtaro na backfill compaction

2025-08-18


HDPE bomba la bati la ukuta mara mbili hutumiwa sana katika uhandisi wa mifereji ya maji ya manispaa kutokana na ugumu wake bora wa pete na uwezo wa kupambana na ulemavu. Ubora wa uchimbaji wa mitaro na mshikamano wa kujaza nyuma huathiri moja kwa moja maisha ya huduma ya bomba, na ni muhimu kufuata vipimo vya ujenzi. Ifuatayo inaelezea pointi muhimu kutoka kwa vipengele vitatu vya maandalizi ya ujenzi, mchakato wa uchimbaji na teknolojia ya kujaza nyuma.

Maandalizi ya kabla ya ujenzi

Kabla ya ujenzi, uchunguzi wa tovuti unahitaji kukamilika, nafasi ya mhimili hufanywa na kituo cha jumla, na kando ya uchimbaji wa mitaro na mstari wa udhibiti wa mwinuko hutolewa. Zingatia kuangalia ramani ya usambazaji ya mabomba ya chini ya ardhi, na utumie uchunguzi wa shimo wa mwongozo ili kuthibitisha eneo la gesi inayozunguka, umeme na mabomba mengine, na kudumisha umbali salama. Kwa safu laini ya udongo au maeneo yenye kiwango cha juu cha maji chini ya ardhi, mfumo wa mvua nyepesi wa kisima unahitaji kuanzishwa mapema ili kuhakikisha kwamba kiwango cha maji chini ya ardhi kimepunguzwa hadi 0.5m chini ya tanki. Wakati huo huo, andaa vifaa vya kujaza nyuma kama vile mchanga na changarawe, mchanga wa kati na mbaya, n.k. Maudhui ya matope yanapaswa kuwa 5%, na ukubwa wa juu wa chembe haupaswi kuzidi 50mm.

Teknolojia muhimu ya uchimbaji wa mitaro

Chagua mbinu ya uchimbaji kulingana na aina ya udongo: Udongo wa mchanga hupitisha mteremko wa 0.5: 1 pamoja na msaada wa rundo la karatasi ya chuma, na udongo wa udongo unaweza kuteremka kwa 1:0.75. Hifadhi 20cm ya usafishaji wa chini bandia wakati wa uchimbaji wa mitambo ili kuepuka uchimbaji kupita kiasi kusumbua udongo wa msingi. Wakati kina kinazidi 5m, mteremko uliopigwa umewekwa na upana wa hatua wa 0.5m. Kukubalika kwa chini ya mtaro kunahitaji kukidhi tambarare ya 20mm / 2m na uwezo wa kuzaa ni 120kPa. Eneo lisilohitimu linatibiwa na uingizwaji wa mawe yaliyopondwa. Unene wa mshikamano wa tabaka ni 300mm.

Udhibiti wa ubora wa kujaza nyuma

Backfill hutekelezwa katika maeneo matatu: pembe ya axillary ya chini ya bomba imejazwa kwa ulinganifu na mchanga wa kati, na imeunganishwa na rammer ya kutetemeka ya programu-jalizi; roller nyepesi hutumiwa katika anuwai ya 50cm chini ya sehemu ya juu ya bomba, na digrii ya mshikamano ni 90%; roller inayotetemeka hutumiwa kwa kukunja tabaka kutoka juu ya bomba hadi ardhini. Unene wa kila safu ya lami pepe ni 250-300mm, na Wakati wa mchakato wa kompaction, upotoshaji wima wa bomba hufuatiliwa. Wakati kipenyo cha bomba ni 800mm, kiasi cha upotoshaji hakitazidi 3%, na ujazaji wa nyuma wa asymmetric kwa pande zote za bomba ni marufuku kabisa. Wakati wa msimu wa mvua, mifereji ya maji ya mitaro inapaswa kufanywa vizuri, na maudhui ya unyevu wa udongo wa backfill yanapaswa kudhibitiwa ndani ya anuwai

Kiwango cha kukubalika kwa ubora

Ukaguzi muhimu wa kukubalika kwa Groove: chini ya upotoshaji wa mwinuko wa groove ni 30mm, uhamishaji wa mstari wa wastani ni 50mm, na mteremko wa mteremko unakidhi mahitaji ya kubuni. Shahada ya kompaction ya backfill hujaribiwa na njia ya kisu cha pete, na vikundi 3 vya sampuli huchukuliwa kila 50m. Baada ya bomba imewekwa, jaribio la maji lililofungwa hufanywa. Kichwa cha maji cha majaribio ni 2m juu ya juu ya bomba, na Mchakato mzima wa ujenzi unapitisha teknolojia ya BIM kwa ufichuzi wa pande tatu. Ufuatiliaji wa wakati halisi wa makazi ya mitaro na uhamishaji wa bomba kupitia mfumo mahiri wa tovuti ya ujenzi huhakikisha kwamba ubora wa ujenzi unakidhi mahitaji ya "Kanuni za Kiufundi za Uhandisi wa Bomba la Mifereji ya Polyethilini Iliyozikwa" (CJJ/T 29-2010).

Kupitia mipango ya kisayansi ya mchakato wa uchimbaji na udhibiti mkali wa nyenzo za kujaza nyuma na vigezo vya kushikamana, makazi yasiyo sawa ya mabomba ya HDPE yanaweza kuepukwa kwa ufanisi. Katika ujenzi halisi, ni muhimu kuchanganya mpango wa marekebisho wa hali ya kijiolojia, kuzingatia sana mifereji ya maji katika msimu wa mvua na hatua za kuzuia kufungia wakati wa baridi, na kuhakikisha uendeshaji thabiti wa muda mrefu wa mfumo wa mifereji ya maji wa manispaa.

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