Mpango wa ujenzi wa maombi ya ndani ya giza ya bomba la kukimbia la PVC: kupambana na kuzuia na dhamana ya kuziba

2025-08-18


mfumo wa mifereji ya maji ya ndani ni sehemu muhimu ya kazi ya jengo, bomba la mifereji ya maji ya PVC hutumiwa sana katika mradi wa maombi ya giza kutokana na faida zake za uzito mwepesi, upinzani wa kutu na ujenzi rahisi. Hata hivyo, ikiwa muundo wa kuzuia na kuziba umepuuzwa katika ujenzi wa maombi ya giza, ni rahisi kusababisha hatari zilizofichwa kama vile kuziba bomba na kuvuja katika hatua ya baadaye, ambayo sio tu ngumu kudumisha, lakini pia inaweza kusababisha matatizo makubwa kama vile ukuta wa ukungu na uharibifu wa kimuundo. Kuchanganya vipimo vya ujenzi na mazoezi ya uhandisi, karatasi hii inaelezea kwa utaratibu mpango wa dhamana wa kuzuia na kuziba wa matumizi ya giza ya ndani ya bomba la mifereji ya maji ya PVC kutoka kwa vipimo vya uteuzi wa nyenzo, matibabu ya node na teknolojia ya ujenzi.

Uteuzi wa nyenzo na udhibiti wa matibabu ya awali

Muundo wa kuzuia wa mfumo wa mifereji ya maji ya programu ya giza unahitaji kudhibitiwa kutoka kwa chanzo. Bomba linapaswa kutengenezwa kwa bomba la kukimbia la UPVC kulingana na kiwango cha GB / T 5836.1. Kipenyo cha bomba kuu la riser si chini ya 110mm, na kipenyo cha bomba la tawi la usawa huamuliwa kulingana na hesabu ya sawa ya mifereji ya maji. Kwa mfano, bomba la tawi katika eneo la kuoga la bafuni si chini ya 75mm, na bomba la tawi lililoshirikiwa na bonde la kuosha na mashine ya kuosha linapaswa kuwa kipenyo cha bomba la De50. Muonekano wa bomba unapaswa kuangaliwa kabla ya kuingia shambani ili kuhakikisha kuwa hakuna nyufa, mifadhaiko, bandari za gorofa, na unene wa ukuta sare. Wakati wa kukata bomba, tumia kikata bomba maalum ili kuhakikisha kuwa chale ni perpendicular kwa mhimili wa bomba na kuepuka mabaki ya burr. Baada ya kukata, bandari inahitaji kuwekewa mchanga na sandpaper ili kuzuia upinzani wa mtiririko wa maji kutoka kwa kuongezeka na kuunda sedimentation.

Mpangilio wa kisayansi wa mteremko wa mifereji ya maji na njia

Muundo wa mteremko wa bomba la usawa la mifereji ya maji huathiri moja kwa moja kupambana- Wakati wa ujenzi, vipimo vya muundo vinapaswa kufuatwa kwa uangalifu: mteremko wa bomba la chuma la kutupwa kwa mifereji ya maji ya ndani ni 2%, na mteremko wa bomba la UPVC unapaswa kuwa 2.5% hadi 3% ili kuhakikisha kwamba kiwango cha mtiririko wa maji kinafikia zaidi ya 0.6m / s ili kuunda uwezo wa kujisafisha. Njia ya usakinishaji inahitaji kuepuka mikunjo mikali na mabadiliko ya mwelekeo wa mara kwa mara. Urefu wa bomba la tawi linalovuka hudhibitiwa ndani ya upeo wa vipimo (kwa mfano, bomba la tawi la beseni la kuosha halizidi 1.5m). Inapohitajika kugeuka, mchanganyiko mbili wa kiwiko cha 45 unapaswa kutumika kuchukua nafasi ya kiwiko cha pembe ya kulia cha 90 ili kupunguza upinzani wa sasa wa eddy.

Teknolojia muhimu ya Muundo wa Kuzuia Node

Muunganisho kati ya bomba la tawi la mifereji ya maji na riser unapaswa kuwa tee ya 45-oblique au tee laini ya maji. Nafasi ambayo bomba la tawi limeunganishwa na riser haipaswi kuwa chini ya mara 1.5 umbali wa usawa kutoka chini ya Mfereji wa vyombo vya usafi unapaswa kuwekwa na mtego, na kina cha muhuri wa maji haipaswi kuwa chini ya 50mm ili kuzuia harufu isirudi kwenye bomba. Wakati wa mchakato wa ufungaji, bomba lililo wazi linapaswa kufungwa kwa muda, na kuziba bomba maalum au filamu ya plastiki inapaswa kutumika kuifunga ili kuepuka chokaa cha saruji na taka za ujenzi zisiingie kwenye lumen. Uteuzi wa mifereji ya sakafu unapaswa kupendelea aina ya kupambana na mtiririko wa nyuma, mifereji inapaswa kuwekwa na skrini ya chujio, na mifereji ya sakafu ya bafuni inapaswa kuzungukwa na mteremko wa mteremko wa 0.5% ili kuzuia mtiririko wa nyuma wa maji katika eneo la ardhi.

Mchakato wa Ujenzi wa Dhamana ya Utendaji wa Kuziba

Ufungaji wa kiolesura cha bomba ndio msingi wa mradi wa maombi uliofichwa. Kabla ya muunganisho wa tundu, uzi wa pamba unapaswa kutumika kusafisha ndani ya tundu la bomba na bomba la kufaa ili kuhakikisha kuwa hakuna mafuta na unyevu. Wakati wa kutumia wambiso, tundu linapaswa kutumika kwanza na kisha tundu. Unene ni sawa. Kiasi cha wambiso kinachotumiwa katika ujenzi wa majira ya joto kinapaswa kuongezwa kwa 10%. Baada ya kuomba, tundu linapaswa kukamilika ndani ya sekunde 30. Zungusha 1/4 zamu ili kusambaza safu ya mpira sawasawa, na uweke kiolesura kisichosimama na wakati wa kuponya si chini ya dakika 30. Casing isiyo na maji inapaswa kuwekwa kwenye sakafu ya riser. Casing ni 50mm juu kuliko ardhi. Pengo limejazwa na upanuzi wa sealant isiyozuia moto, na pete ya kizuizi cha maji ya saruji ya juu ya 20mm imetengenezwa karibu na mizizi ya bomba.

Mabano ya kudumu na vipimo vya majaribio ya dhiki

Nafasi isiyohamishika ya bomba lazima ifuate vipimo: nafasi isiyohamishika ya kipenyo cha riser DN50 sio zaidi ya 1.5m, na kipenyo cha DN110 sio zaidi ya 2m; nafasi isiyohamishika ya bomba la usawa DN50 sio zaidi ya 0.5m, na DN75 sio zaidi ya 0.75m. Mabano huwekwa na kadi yenye umbo la U au kadi ya bomba, na pedi ya mpira huongezwa kati ya mabano na bomba ili kuepuka condensation ya daraja baridi. Baada ya ufungaji wa mfumo kukamilika, jaribio la njia ya maji hufanywa, mifereji ya maji yote hufunguliwa, na maji hupitishwa kwa muda wa dakika 15. Angalia kuwa kiolesura cha bomba hakina uvujaji na mifereji ya maji ni laini. Kabla ya kuficha, jaribio la kufungwa kwa maji linahitajika. Jaza bomba na maji kwa masaa 24, na kiwango cha kushuka kwa kiwango cha maji kisichozidi 5mm kinafuzu.

Alama za matengenezo na kukubalika baada ya kuficha bomba, data ya video inapaswa kuchukuliwa na kuhifadhiwa kwenye kumbukumbu, na mwelekeo wa bomba na nafasi ya kiolesura inapaswa kuwekewa alama. Wakati wa kukamilisha kukubalika, vigezo muhimu kama vile mteremko wa mifereji ya maji, nafasi ya mabano, na kina cha muhuri wa maji cha mtego kinapaswa kuangaliwa. Tumia endoscope ya bomba ili kuangalia kama kuna kizuizi chochote cha mwili wa kigeni katika Baada ya utoaji, mtumiaji anapaswa kupewa mwongozo wa matengenezo ya mfumo wa mifereji ya maji, na hivyo kusababisha uchimbaji wa mara kwa mara wa chujio cha kukimbia cha sakafu ili kuepuka kutupa nywele, taka za chakula na vingine. sundries. Katika mazingira ya joto la chini wakati wa baridi, ni muhimu kuhakikisha kuwa muhuri wa mtego wa maji haufungi, na maji ya kawaida yanaweza kujazwa tena au kuzuia kufungia yanaweza kuongezwa. Vitengo vya ujenzi vinapaswa kuimarisha ufichuzi wa kiufundi, kuzingatia kudhibiti michakato muhimu kama vile mpangilio wa mteremko na matibabu ya kiolesura, na kuchanganya teknolojia ya BIM ili kuboresha mabomba kikamilifu ili kuepuka migogoro na usambazaji wa maji na mabomba ya umeme, kimsingi kuondoa hatari iliyofichwa ya kuziba na kuvuja, na kuhakikisha. usalama wa kazi na miundo ya jengo.

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