Skema Konstruksi Pengumpulan Air Hujan di Area Perumahan Pipa Bergelombang Dinding Ganda PVC: Desain Lereng dan Optimalisasi Drainase

2025-08-18


Dengan percepatan proses urbanisasi, sistem pengumpulan air hujan di daerah pemukiman telah menjadi bagian penting dari konstruksi kota spons. Pipa bergelombang dinding ganda PVC banyak digunakan dalam proyek jaringan pipa air hujan karena keunggulan kekakuan cincin yang tinggi, ketahanan korosi dan konstruksi yang nyaman. Makalah ini menggabungkan praktik teknik, dari dua aspek desain lereng dan optimalisasi drainase, menguraikan titik teknis konstruksi sistem pengumpulan air hujan di daerah perumahan.

Pertama, Dasar Desain Teknik

Sistem pengumpulan air hujan di daerah perumahan perlu dihitung secara hidrolik sesuai dengan daerah tangkapan air, formula intensitas hujan badai dan data curah hujan lokal. Pipa bergelombang dinding ganda PVC (DN200-DN600) digunakan sebagai pipa utama, dan aliran desain perlu memenuhi persyaratan pelepasan hujan badai dalam 50 tahun. Bahan pipa terbuat dari produk kekakuan cincin tingkat SN8 atau lebih tinggi untuk memastikan stabilitas struktural di bawah beban tanah.

Kedua, teknologi utama desain lereng

1. Spesifikasi nilai lereng

Menurut "Standar Desain Pasokan dan Drainase Air Bangunan" GB50015, kemiringan minimum pipa air hujan harus memenuhi: pipa DN200 0,003 (0,3%), pipa DN300 0,002 (0,2%). Konstruksi sebenarnya perlu dikombinasikan dengan penyesuaian topografi, kemiringan 0,5% -1% harus digunakan di daerah datar, dan daerah pegunungan dapat dinaikkan menjadi 1,5% -2%, tetapi laju aliran perlu dikontrol 5m / s untuk mencegah inisialisasi.

2. Tindakan pengendalian lereng

- Gunakan level untuk pengukuran elevasi, dan atur tumpukan kontrol lereng setiap 50 meter untuk memastikan bahwa pipa diletakkan dengan penyimpangan linier 20mm

- Bagian bawah parit mengadopsi bantalan pasir dan kerikil bertingkat tebal 150mm, dan koefisien pemadatan adalah 0,93 untuk menghindari perubahan mendadak lereng yang disebabkan oleh penyelesaian pipa

- 200mm200mm dermaga beton perlu dipasang pada simpul seperti siku dan tee untuk meningkatkan stabilitas pipa

III. Rencana implementasi optimasi drainase

1. Tata letak sistem jaringan pipa

- menggunakan bentuk gabungan dari jaringan pipa cabang dan jaringan pipa cincin, jalan utama diletakkan di sepanjang sabuk hijau jalan komunitas, dan jarak pipa cabang dikendalikan pada 25-30m

- jarak antara nozel hujan diatur: 30-40m / sepotong jalan kendaraan bermotor, 40-50m / sepotong trotoar, menggunakan parut besi cor anti-pencurian (bantalan beban 30kN)

- 3 kali radius kelengkungan pipa berputar, menghindari 90 siku sudut kanan

2. Peningkatan kinerja hidrolik

- Inlet air dilengkapi dengan lubang got tenggelam (ke dalaman 800mm), dengan layar filter baja tahan karat 60-mesh built-in untuk mengurangi risiko penyumbatan sedimen

- Katup buang diatur pada titik tertinggi sistem, dan sumur perawatan (diameter 1200mm) diatur setiap 300m. Sumur mengadopsi desain saluran aliran untuk mengurangi kehilangan kepala air

- Isi ulang pipa mengadopsi metode pemadatan berlapis: tanah polos (pemadatan 90%) + pasir kasar sedang (pemadatan 95%) untuk menghindari deformasi kompresi pipa

3. Standar inspeksi kualitas

- uji air tertutup: kepala uji 2m, permeabilitas air 0,05L / (m · min)

- uji ulang lereng: penggunaan stasiun total untuk pengukuran sumbu pipa, memungkinkan penyimpangan kemiringan desain 1%

- kualitas antarmuka: koneksi soket cincin karet untuk memastikan bahwa celah antarmuka 3mm, tidak ada fenomena rembesan air

4, tindakan pencegahan konstruksi

1. Konstruksi musim hujan perlu mengatur parit drainase sementara, ke dalaman parit penggalian > 1.5m perlu kemiringan 1: 0,75 dan mengatur dukungan lereng

2. Pemasangan pipa perlu memeriksa kelancaran dinding bagian dalam bellow, tidak ada retakan, depresi dan cacat lainnya

3. Siapkan katup periksa pada sambungan dengan jaringan pipa kota untuk mencegah aliran balik air hujan

Melalui desain lereng ilmiah dan langkah-langkah optimasi drainase, sistem pengumpulan air hujan dari pipa bergelombang dinding ganda PVC dapat secara efektif meningkatkan efisiensi debit air hujan di masyarakat dan mengurangi risiko genangan air. Selama konstruksi, perlu untuk secara ketat mengikuti spesifikasi desain dan secara dinamis menyesuaikan parameter sesuai dengan kondisi kerja aktual di lokasi untuk memastikan operasi sistem yang stabil dalam jangka panjang. Disarankan untuk membangun platform pemantauan cerdas secara serempak untuk memantau status drainase secara real time melalui sensor aliran untuk mewujudkan operasi dan manajemen pemeliharaan yang cerdas.

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